Union Budget Review free essay sample

Indian corporations that rarely ventured out of India suddenly started investing all over the world and even in some industrialized countries. The globalization of India has given rise to new opportunities but it has also brought with it new challenges and responsibilities. Every time there is a major financial crisis anywhere in the world, there is need to take brace position. And, in turn, the rise and fall of India’s growth rate has an impact on global growth and there is need for India to take this responsibility seriously. The brewing trouble of Euro-zone Debt Crisis is posing a threat to global economical growth and seriously questioning the recovery strategies of various developng economies around the globe. APPROACH TO THE BUDGET For Indian economy, recovery was interrupted 2011-2012 year mainly due to intensification of debt crises in Euro zone, political turmoil in Middle East, rise in crude oil price and earthquake in Japan. We will write a custom essay sample on Union Budget Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page GDP is estimated to grow by 6. 9 per cent in 2011-12, after having grown at 8. 4 per cent in preceding two years. India however remains front runner in economic growth in any cross-country comparison. One side, the approach of the last rear budget was mainly to sustain the economic growth, on the flip side the monetary policy was tight and aimed at taming domestic inflationary pressure. Growth moderated and fiscal balance deteriorated due to tight monetary policy and expanded outlays. Indicators suggest that economy is turning around as core sectors and manufacturing show signs of recovery. At this juncture, for the 2012-2013 budget it is prudent to embrace hard decision to improve macroeconomic environment and strengthen domestic growth drivers. If India can build on its economic strength, it can be a source of stability for world economy and a safe destination for restless global capital. â€Å"Effective Revenue Deficit† and â€Å"Medium Term Expenditure Framework† statement are two important features of amendment to FRBM Act in the direction of expenditure reforms. * Effective Revenue Deficit is the difference between revenue deficit and grants for creation of capital assets. This will help in reducing consumptive component of revenue deficit and create space for increased capital spending. Some subsidies, while being inevitable, may become undesirable if they compromise the macroeconomic fundamentals of economy. Endeavour to scale up and roll out Aadhaar enabled payments for various government schemes to ensure that fruits of subsidy reach the needy sections   Early Enactment of DTC Code. GST network to be set up as a National Information Utility and to become operational by August 2012. At least 51 per cent ownership and management control to remain with Government.Proposal for FDI in multi-brand retail up to 51 per cent. * Various steps proposed to be taken for deepening the reforms in the Capital markets, including simplifying process of IPOs, allowing QFIs to access Indian Bond Market etc. * Various Legislative Reforms like The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority Bill, The Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill and The Insurance Law (Amendment) Bill are initiated. More sectors added as eligible sectors for Viability Gap Funding under the scheme â€Å"Support to PPP in infrastructure†. * National Manufacturing Policy announced with the objective of raising, within a decade, the share of manufacturing in GDP to 25 per cent and creating of 10 crore jobs Transport: Roads and Civil Aviation * Direct import of Aviation Turbine Fuel permitted for Indian Carriers as actual users. * ECB to be permitted for working capital requirement of airline industry for a period of one year, subject to a total ceiling of US $ 1 billion.

Free Essays on The Cost Of Freedom

The Cost of Freedom Freedom stands where anything falls. It stands because of the price paid for it. Christ paid for freedom: America’s fathers paid for freedom: firefighters and police officers paid for freedom on September eleventh. The cost of freedom is in the life of the free. To put a price on freedom is to put a price on spilled blood. Working miracles and teaching the masses, Christ lived daily to serve. His life became the epitome of perfection, and He knew there was a price being paid. To give generations an access into Heaven, Christ insisted on His life fulfilling the price. He was brutally tortured, made to bear a cross, and then hang on it, all for freedom. Blood was shed. In the late seventeen hundreds, newborn America realized the cost of freedom. Fifty-six delegates to the Second Continental Congress drew up a document that would forego over two hundred years of freedom to come. Each delegate knew full well the consequences of treachery, which would be death, should their ordeal fail. All signed. During the war, estates were burned, fortunes were lost, death ran among them †¦ freely. Blood was shed. The sky shone grey, another day brought people to work and school. As the clock reached ten AM, a hijacked plane struck the north tower of the Twin Towers in New York. Within minutes, New York fire and rescue teams rushed into the burning stories to help salvage what life remained. Police officers on the street assisted citizens away from the burning building. Moments later, the second tower was struck, killing more innocence. The towers collapsed. Over one hundred fifty of the nations finest civil service members became trapped inside, along with possibly thousands of New York citizens. Blood was shed. Blood must be shed to pay the cost of freedom. The cost of freedom has not, and will never, change. The past is filled with those who paid the price of freedom, and today, those who enjoy th... Free Essays on The Cost Of Freedom Free Essays on The Cost Of Freedom The Cost of Freedom Freedom stands where anything falls. It stands because of the price paid for it. Christ paid for freedom: America’s fathers paid for freedom: firefighters and police officers paid for freedom on September eleventh. The cost of freedom is in the life of the free. To put a price on freedom is to put a price on spilled blood. Working miracles and teaching the masses, Christ lived daily to serve. His life became the epitome of perfection, and He knew there was a price being paid. To give generations an access into Heaven, Christ insisted on His life fulfilling the price. He was brutally tortured, made to bear a cross, and then hang on it, all for freedom. Blood was shed. In the late seventeen hundreds, newborn America realized the cost of freedom. Fifty-six delegates to the Second Continental Congress drew up a document that would forego over two hundred years of freedom to come. Each delegate knew full well the consequences of treachery, which would be death, should their ordeal fail. All signed. During the war, estates were burned, fortunes were lost, death ran among them †¦ freely. Blood was shed. The sky shone grey, another day brought people to work and school. As the clock reached ten AM, a hijacked plane struck the north tower of the Twin Towers in New York. Within minutes, New York fire and rescue teams rushed into the burning stories to help salvage what life remained. Police officers on the street assisted citizens away from the burning building. Moments later, the second tower was struck, killing more innocence. The towers collapsed. Over one hundred fifty of the nations finest civil service members became trapped inside, along with possibly thousands of New York citizens. Blood was shed. Blood must be shed to pay the cost of freedom. The cost of freedom has not, and will never, change. The past is filled with those who paid the price of freedom, and today, those who enjoy th...

Francis Lewis Cardozo

Francis Lewis Cardozo Overview When Francis Lewis Cardozo was elected as South Carolina’s secretary of state in 1868, he became the first African-American to be elected to hold a political position in the state. His work as a clergyman, educator and politician allowed him to fight for the rights of African-Americans during the Reconstruction period.    Key Accomplishments Established Avery Normal Institute, one of the first free secondary schools for African-Americans.Early advocate for school integration in the South.First African-American to hold a statewide office in the United States. Famous Family Members Cardozo’s granddaughter is Eslanda Goode Robeson. Robeson was an actress, anthropologist, writer and civil rights activist. She was married to Paul Robeson.   A distant relative of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Benjamin Cardozo. Early Life and Education Cardozo was born on February 1, 1836, in Charleston. His mother, Lydia Weston was a free African-American woman. His father, Isaac Cardozo, was Portuguese man. After attending schools established for freed blacks, Cardozo worked as a carpenter and shipbuilder. In 1858, Cardozo began attending the University of Glasgow  before becoming a seminarian in Edinburgh and London. Cardozo was ordained a Presbyterian minister and upon his return to the United States, he began working as a pastor. By 1864, Cardozo was working as a pastor at the Temple Street Congregational Church in New Haven, Conn. The following year, Cardozo began working as an agent of the American Missionary Association. His brother, Thomas, had already served as superintendent for the organization’s school and soon Cardozo followed in his footsteps. As superintendent, Cardozo reestablished the school as the Avery Normal Institute. The Avery Normal Institute was a free secondary school for African-Americans. The school’s primary focus was to train educators. Today, Avery Normal Institute is part of the College of Charleston. Politics In 1868, Cardozo served as a delegate at the South Carolina constitutional convention. Serving as the chair of the education committee, Cardozo lobbied for integrated public schools. That same year, Cardozo was elected as secretary of state and became the first African-American to hold such a position. Through his influence, Cardozo was instrumental in reforming the South Carolina Land Commission by distributing land to former enslaved African-Americans. In 1872, Cardozo was elected as state treasurer. However, legislators decided to impeach Cardozo for his refusal to cooperate with corrupt politicians in 1874. Cardozo was reelected to this position twice. Resignation and Conspiracy Charges When federal troops were withdrawn from Southern states in 1877 and the Democrats regained control of state government, Cardozo was pushed to resign from office. That same year Cardozo was prosecuted for conspiracy. Although evidence found was not conclusive, Cardozo was still found guilty. He served almost a year in prison. Two years later, Governor William Dunlap Simpson pardoned Cardozo. Following the pardon, Cardozo relocated to Washington DC where he held a position with the Treasury Department. Educator In 1884, Cardozo became the principal of the Colored Preparatory High School in Washington DC. Under Cardozo’s tutelage, the school instituted a business curriculum and became one of the most outstanding schools for African-American students. Cardozo retired in 1896. Personal Life While serving as pastor of Temple Street Congregational Church, Cardozo married Catherine Rowena Howell. The couple had six children. Death Cardozo died in 1903 in Washington DC. Legacy Cardozo Senior High School in the northwest section of Washington DC is named in Cardozo’s honor.

Psychology Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Psychology Project - Essay Example There have been many studies done in order to determine these. The first article was entitled â€Å"Further Refining the Stress-Coping Model of Alcohol Awareness†. In this article, it was shown that coping measures as far as alcohol consumption and stress differ in regards to the type of stress that is encountered. It was hypothesized based on previous experimentation that men are more likely to encounter heavy drinking as a coping mechanism than females due to their limited coping abilities. There have also been inconsistencies in trying to diagnose whether specific people are more prone to this kind of coping measure than others. The first deals with the variability, which is experienced across the board when people deal with stress. This being that coping measures are not just maladaptive or adaptive, but each are tailored to deal with a certain type of stressor. The second is that there has not been substantial evidence and consistency in showing that gender factors play a role in coping and drinking. The experimental design for this study was a short-term design, which was based on self-reporting measures. In particular, three variables were hypothesized that could take into account for gender differences. The first is coping using the support of others. It has been shown that students that are experiencing a stressor in regards to a relationship or social situation are less likely to turn to alcohol if their coping mechanisms are more guided towards the support of others. In particular, it has been shown in women that experience an interpersonal stressor that they are less likely to drink as a coping measure due to greater social support seeking. The second hypothesis shows that the more in control of the external stressors that a person is experiencing, the less likely they are to turn to alcohol as a coping measure. The third hypothesis is based on previous research which states that men are more likely to use active seeking coping strategies and women are more likely to seek social supporting strategies for coping. Thus the use of alcohol was found to be higher in males than in females. The population had a sample size of 83 participants from different socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. These participants were tested using many different types of surveys and testing batteries. They were prescreened with the Michigan Alcohol Screening Tests and the College Students’ Recent Life Experiences test. These stressful factors were then broken down into four core areas: life management, social relationships, school, and general social adjustment. Then, they returned for three weeks and were asked how many times they engaged in heavy drinking, which was defined as five or more alcoholic drinks. The final survey that had to take was the COPE to assess their skills in active coping, avoidant coping, and social support seeking coping. The statistics were analyzed using mixed modeling interactions and this took into account correlation coefficients and t-test values. Men that had higher scores in active coping and social support seeking coping were less likely to engage in dangerous activities involving alcohol. If men using avoidant coping measures, they were more likely to engage in the use of alcohol. For women, the same statistical data was also recorded. There is some validity to the measures that were

Research design and data analysis, discussions and recommendations Paper

Design and data analysis, discussions and recommendations - Research Paper Example Likewise, the findings indicate there is no significant difference between the customers’ rank and the dependent variables (food quality, hotel staff service quality, and room quality). Management should accept the two null hypothesis statements. 1. Ramada took several steps to define the research questions. First, the researchers focused on different services offered by the company. The first group of services focused on customer’s criticism of the menu variety. Next, the questions veered towards the customer’s valued received in exchange for the amount paid. Third, the question veered towards determining if the customers’ liked the service promptness. Fourth, the question zeroed in on Ramada’s service quality. Fifth, the service focused on the resort’s food quality. Last, the questions veered towards the beverage quality served in the Ramada resorts. Further, management has to answer some questions. The questions focused on the hiring of the right resort employees. Next, management had to answer questions pertaining to the enhancement of the current training of employees. Training is one of management’s secret ingredients to increasing the current and future customers’ loyalty. Management must answer queries in the area of increasing the current motivation practices. Motivation increases the customer’s eagerness to return to Reamada resorts. Management must ensure all questions are answered by espousing the importance of hiring and training employees who will pamper each clients from check-in to check-out. The process was appropriate. Focusing on hiring the best employees will ensure better customer service. Training the best employees will ensure higher quality service quality. Motivation will ensure employees will continue to excel in all their individual tasks and responsibilities. 2. The secondary data played a vital part in the exploring part of the research (Craig 25). The

How Fidel Castro is a Revolutionary Essay Example for Free

How Fidel Castro is a Revolutionary Essay Some men are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them. Those were the words of William Shakespeare in â€Å"Twelfth Night†. Some men are born and die without been sung. Their impact is not felt and they die to be forgotten by men. On the other hand, some leave their prints on the sand of time, their names and memories warm in the hearts of men. Such men are rare and are called legend, their names remembered by generations to come. Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is such a man. There comes a time in any nation when history is made. When the government of any given state fails in its responsibility, then there is need for a change. At such times, the people naturally desire a change because their trust and hopes have been drained. The people clamor for a new government, a fresh vision and seek a new hope. The question that raises concern in the minds of the people of such state is who will bear the touch? Who will lead the struggle against oppression? Who is the fearless man that will fight for what he wholly believes in? In South Africa, it was Mandela, in India it was Gandhi, in America, it was Martin Luther and in Cuba it was Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz. One thing is peculiar of these people They were all great revolutionary leaders in their countries. Who then is a revolutionary? A revolutionary is a person who promotes or actively engages in a form of revolution. Revolutionaries are often of the idea that a change is needed and that such changes might not come without forcing it out. The use of violence is acceptable once the desired result is achieved. A revolutionary believes and seeks to uphold certain ideals or ideology. If history is to be written, the archives of Cuba will not fail to recognize Fidel Castro. For one thing, he is arguably the most prolific leader that the country has produced. He is not just a leader but he was the one that spearheaded the revolution in the nation of Cuba. His impact on the nation of Cuba can not be overemphasized. Today, one can hardly talk about the nation of Cuba without mentioning the name Fidel Castro. The question is how did this man, born like you and I were, create a niche for himself. How did he become a revolutionary leader? What exploits did he perform that made his name indelible in the annals of history? Lawyer, Cuban Revolutionary, political leader, and the former President of Cuba, Fidel Castro was born on August 13, 1926 on Cuba’s North coast to Don Angel and Linda Castro. His parents were immigrants from Spain who had come to fight the United States during the Spanish- American war of 1898. He was trained under the Jesuit priests who instilled discipline, dedication and assertiveness into him. His interests were in issues that had to do with politics and government. He immersed himself in the polemical climate of Cuban politics, nationalism, anti-imperialism, and socialism. As a student of Havana University, he was elected the president of The Law Student’s Association. He had his degree in law at the University of Havana in 1950. In 1951 he became a leader in the emergent populist political movement led by the Partido del Pueblo Cubano. The group was known in Cuba as Ortodoxos, an anti-Communist nationalist group promising major social, economic and political reforms, and expecting to gain the presidency through electoral politics. He had planned to contest for a position in the congress but his plan was foiled when Fulgencio Batista usurped the constitutional government. When this happened, Castro and some of his folks who had the mind of contesting in the elections before the government was taken started planning a means of overthrowing the government. Later in 1952, Fidel Castro plotted his own quixotic revolt, this he did by leading 130 followers to attack the Moncada army barracks in Santiago on July 26, and 1953. The attack was a poorly planned fiasco in which the rebels tried to bluff their way in. They intended to overpower the 1,000-man garrison, seize some weapons, and then hand them out to crowds of supporters who never rallied to their cause. In 1955, he was granted political amnesty and he later left Cuba for Mexico where he began to train an expeditionary force. He later formed a guerilla force that aimed at a revolution that was filled with promises of land reforms, jobs and equity for all. This made the militants grow by the day. The people of Cuba began to see a new hope and a new dawn. They will give anything they can to stop the dictatorial rule of Fulgencio Batista. In 1956, Castro launched the revolution with the help of the 82 man strong guerrilla. Unfortunately, they were ambushed by the Cuban Army and were almost killed by the invasion. At the end of the day, only Castro and eleven of his men managed to escape from the hands of the Cuban Army. At this point, it was apparent that there was no man power to win this revolution. Therefore, Castro began a massive campaign where he sought to win the peasants to his side. After two years of confrontation, the revolution turned out to be a victory as he has already won most of the peasants to his side. This victory is so significant because Fidel Castro’s Guerrilla will be the first to will a military in Latin America. This proved him to be a great political strategist. On the 1st of January 1959, the Cuban revolution began with him being at the center of it. Many people joined this revolution for different reasons. It was believed that Fidel Castro will return the country to a constitutional rule, and the reaffirmation of civil and political rights. For others, who envisioned a major re-structuring of the society, the issue was social justice. These people placed their future into the arms of Fidel Castro and so it was easy for him to establish himself as the sole leader of the intended government. However, once he got to power, Castro steered his country towards communism and collective ownership of properties. He believed and practiced communism in its possible way. This made the landowners and the American nation furious. Apparently, Batista had previously developed relations with America. This came to an abrupt end at the advent of Castro’s communism. All privately owned businesses, both the ones owned by Cubans and/or the one owned by internationals were taken over by the government. Prior to this time, the America was almost in total control of the industries in Cuba. They made money from the Cubans without fuss. The standard of living of the average Cuban citizen was greatly altered. The major idea of communism is that the working class should be in charge of the government. At this point, privately owned property was regarded as illegal. Castro was of the idea that the money of the country should be distributed equally to all citizens, according to their needs. Also, the government controls the lifestyle of its citizens. Education is also an integral part of the new Cuba’s Communist government. As Castro had hoped for, these changes did have impressive short-term effects for Cuba. Serious illness and economic hardship were almost nonexistent and Cuba had the greatest number of teachers and doctors in that area of the Caribbean. It was a new dawn for Cuba as people seemed to be looking toward a better and more relying future with Castro in charge. However, these benefits did not come without a price. For instance, in order to protect the new forms of communism, Castro eliminated elections and freedom of the press, imprisoned political opponents, and made religion a thing to be ashamed of. Castro then began to act like his counterparts who were leaders of communist countries, doing things such as putting industry under government management, claiming the property of people not born in Cuba, creating communities for agriculture, and establishing laws to help laborers and peasants . Cuba’s new form of government not only affected its people, but also affected its own relationships with other governments around the world. International reactions varied from country to country about the communism in Cuba. Many of Cuba’s newly enforced laws and government created barriers with neighboring Latin American nations and in 1962 Cuba was dismissed from the Organization of American States. Because of the United States’ opposition of Communist governments, they were quickly on bad terms with Castro and Cuba. The United States government was led even further in their decision to end any relation they have with Cuba after the Cuban government seized all land owned by Americans Not all nations were in opposition to Cuba’s change of government. As a matter of fact, Cuba enjoyed a cordial relationship with The Soviet Union. The Soviet government, which was also Communist, assisted Cuba by offering financial aid, trade and the overdue payment of Cubas debts. Apart from these, Cuba was also accepted into the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) in an agreement signed in 1972 with the Soviet Union. Through his long rule as the Leader of Cuba, there have been several attempts made by the US to assassinate him. All these efforts have proved abortive as he has tactfully eluded them. In 1961-63 alone, the CIA recorded hundreds of violent sabotage operations, including several assassination attempts that relied on everything from exploding cigars to bacteria-infected handkerchiefs and aerosol sprays laced with LSD. According to Mr. Castros security services, the CIA and Cuban exiles in Miami hatched no fewer than 638 plots to kill him. All these plots have proved abortive. Fidel Castro is a legend. He has lived a life of impact and we are learning about him today. Whatever the view might be, one thing is certain; Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a revolutionary – one that will not be forgotten generations to come. Reference: †¢ Buckman, Robert T. World Today Series- Latin America 2000. Harpers Ferry, WV: Stryker-Post Publishers, 2000. †¢ Fidel Castro Cuban Leader. Newsmaker Profiles. Internet. 28 November 2000 http://www. cnn. com/recources/newsmakers/world/namerica/castro. html †¢ Kolb, Richard K. Cold War Along the cactus Curtain. VFW Magazine Jan 1999. SIRS. 18 October 2000 †¢ History of Cuba. Internet. 14 November 2001 http://www. emayzyme. com/lectures/HISTOR~/. htm †¢ Horne, Jed. Fidel’s Cuba: Revolution Running on Empty. Times-Picayune Publishing Corporation 14 March 1993. SIRS Knowledge Source. 30 October 2001. †¢ Jervis, Rick. Cuba. Scholastic Update 23 February 1998. EBSCOHost. 14 November 2001. †¢ Fidel Castro. Anti Essays. Retrieved March 26, 2008, from the World Wide Web: http://www. antiessays. com/free-essays/699. html †¢ Fidel Castro. BigNerds. com. Retrieved March 26, 2008, from the World Wide Web: http://www. bignerds. com/show. php? eid=699 †¢ Situation and Prospects in Cuba. (1963, June 14). (Item No. CC03127). Retrieved May 8, 2002, from Digital National Security Archives database. †¢ Chapo, Richard. (2006, October 28). Ten Interesting Tidbits About Cuba. EzineArticles. Retrieved March 25, 2008, from http://ezinearticles. com/? Ten-Interesting-Tidbits-About-Cubaid=341249 †¢ Intelligence. (2008). In Encyclop? dia Britannica. Retrieved March 25, 2008, from Encyclop? dia Britannica Online: http://www. britannica. com/eb/article-233697 †¢ Rodriguez III, Alejandro. (2008, February 19). Fidel Castro Cubas Leader Steps Down Changes Nothing. EzineArticles. Retrieved March 25, 2008, from http://ezinearticles. com/? Fidel-CastroCubas-Leader-Steps-Down-Changes-Nothingid=996440 †¢ Castro, Raul. (2008). In Encyclop? dia Britannica. Retrieved March 25, 2008, from Encyclop? dia Britannica Online: http://www. britannica. com/eb/article-9439238 †¢ http://www. marxists. org/history/cuba/archive/castro/ †¢ http://www. heritage. org/Research/LatinAmerica/wm1188. cfm †¢ http://www. cnn. com/2008/WORLD/americas/02/24/cuba. nextpresident/

Chester Himes’ If He Hollers Let Him Go and God’s Little Acre by Erskin

Chester Himes’ If He Hollers Let Him Go and God’s Little Acre by Erskine Caldwell It has long been contested that works of great Literature have certain qualities and that they belong to an exclusive canon of works. Value is placed upon them for a number of reasons, including their reflection of cultural or social movements, the special meaning they possess, and even their use of specific narrative elements. Up until recently, scholars and intellectuals would never dream of examining works of lower caliber with any hopes of discovering value or merit. A new movement within intellectual circles, however, has shifted focus onto so-called low-brow novels like Chester Himes’ If He Hollers Let Him Go and God’s Little Acre by Erskine Caldwell. Surprisingly enough, the works of Himes and Caldwell can be held up to the same tests as more canonical works through their appeal to ideological remnants of Romanticism and the Enlightenment, their use of literary devices to create meaning, and the narratives’ use of these devises to enhance the elements of enjoyment and pleasure in reading. According to the history books, the era of Romanticism and the subsequent Enlightenment have long since past, but their far-reaching effects are still evident in literature written in the 20th century. The importance of human merit and worth rooted in Romantic thought has transcended the bounds of time and manifested itself in the novels of Caldwell and Himes through a preoccupation with what it means to be human. In God’s Little Acre, not only are readers prone to question whether or not the Walden family is subhuman because of their problematic behaviors, but the character of Buck remarks that â€Å"God put us in the bodies of animals and ... ...e insight to life or contain certain meanings that the reader must reconstruct in order to evaluate the text fully. Other novels are considered to be noteworthy because they exist within a specific literary movement, or because they reflect cultural change. However much one might argue that Erskine Caldwell’s God’s Little Acre and Chester Himes’ If He Hollers Let Him Go belong at the bottom of the literary ‘stack,’ they nevertheless employ the same concepts and exhibit the same characteristics that turn many other novels into works of ideal greatness. Works Cited Brooks, Peter. Reading for the Plot: Design & Intention in Narrative. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1984. Erskine, Caldwell. God’s Little Acre. New York, NY: New American Library, Inc., 1933. Himes, Chester. If He Hollers Let Him Go. New York, NY: New American Library, Inc., 1945.